![]() The steel sheath protects the ferroalloy from oxidation. By this method, Fe-Ti can be added continuously to a liquid steel bath, launder or tundish. ![]() Fe-Ti (70 % Ti) of size 2 mm or finer is encapsulated inside a sheath of mild steel, wound onto a coil. There has been a trend towards the use of cored wire for the addition of Fe-Ti. In some cases, they are added simply as a protection mechanism for boron (B), which would otherwise be lost from the liquid steel by its reaction with N or O. They are not commonly used as Ti additions per se, but rather for a combination effect, such as sulfide shape control or increased yield strength. Proprietary alloys will contain titanium plus additional elements such as Al, Zr, Cr, or silicon (Si). Other impurity elements in Fe-Ti can be chromium (Cr), Ni, Zr and Cu. Since the main use of Ti is as a cleansing agent for S, C, O and N, hence Fe-Ti with the lowest possible content of these elements is preferred for steel making. Also due to the low density of Ti, it is to be forced into the liquid steel to avoid its oxidation and consequently it has a low recovery.įerrotitanium (Fe-Ti) is a ferro alloy of Ti and is available in many grades, but the most common grades contain either 10 % to 20 % Ti or 45 % to 75 % Ti. Since the melting point of Ti is higher than that of the liquid steel hence it generally enters the steel by dissolution, rather than melting. Sn is usually an unwanted element in steels. Ti metal scrap is of two types one with 6 % Al and 4 % vanadium (V) while the second with 6 % Al, 2 % tin (Sn), 4 % zirconium (Zr), and 2 % molybdenum (Mo). Ti metal scrap may be of commercial purity Ti. Ti containing addition agents are Ti metal scrap, ferroalloys and master alloys. Ti ores are mainly ilmenite (FeO.TiO2) and rutile (TiO2). Ferrotitanium powder is also flammable, with the powder having finer size and higher Ti content being more hazardous. It burns with a bright white flame, which can be harmful to look at. The reactivity of Ti is similar to that of magnesium (Mg) and it can quite easily be set on fire. Ti is more expensive than Al hence it is rarely used as a deoxidizer. In many respects, functions of Ti are similar to the addition of both aluminum (Al) and niobium (Nb). Ti is also used for the purpose of grain refining in many steels. It is sometimes used in steelmaking because of its property for fixing of these elements in order to reduce their harmful effects. Ti forms stable compounds with oxygen (O), carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) at temperatures of steelmaking. The phase diagram of the Fe (iron)-Ti binary system is at Fig 1. It usually forms a stable oxide coating at room temperature on its surface, which limits further oxidation. Melting point of Ti is 1660 deg C and boiling point is 3287 deg C. Titanium (Ti) (atomic number 22 and atomic weight 47.90) has density of 4.52 gm/cc. Boron, ferro alloy, HSLA, Micro alloy, stainless steel, Titanium ,.
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